How to Create a 360° Panorama in Unity with a Free Script

The Panorama360Capture script allows you to capture a 360° panorama directly from a Unity scene and save it as a PNG image in equirectangular 2:1 format.

You can then test the generated panorama using an online 360° Viewer.



1. Add the Script to Your Camera

Select a Camera in your Unity scene and attach the Panorama360Capture script to it.

The script uses:

[RequireComponent(typeof(Camera))]

so Unity will automatically add a Camera component if one is not already present.

using UnityEngine; using System.IO; #if UNITY_EDITOR using UnityEditor; #endif // Cara pakai: // 1. Attach script ini ke GameObject yang punya komponen Camera // (atau GameObject kosong, Camera akan otomatis ditambahkan // karena ada [RequireComponent]). // 2. Atur posisi kamera di titik tempat kamu ingin mengambil panorama. // 3. Klik kanan komponen ini di Inspector -> pilih "Capture 360 Panorama" // (bisa saat Play Mode maupun Edit Mode), ATAU panggil // method CapturePanorama() dari script lain / UI Button. // 4. Akan muncul Save File dialog untuk memilih lokasi penyimpanan .png. [RequireComponent(typeof(Camera))] public class Panorama360Capture : MonoBehaviour { [Header("Pengaturan Cubemap")] [Tooltip("Resolusi tiap sisi cubemap internal. Semakin tinggi = semakin detail tapi semakin lambat.")] [Min(16)] public int cubemapFaceSize = 1024; [Header("Pengaturan Output Equirectangular")] [Tooltip("Lebar gambar panorama output (disarankan kelipatan 2)")] [Min(16)] public int outputWidth = 4096; [Tooltip("Tinggi gambar panorama output (idealnya = setengah dari lebar, rasio 2:1)")] [Min(16)] public int outputHeight = 2048; [Header("Output File")] [Tooltip("Nama file default yang muncul di save dialog (tanpa ekstensi)")] public string defaultFileName = "panorama360"; [Tooltip("Folder awal saat save dialog dibuka. Kosongkan = folder default (persistentDataPath)")] public string defaultFolderPath = ""; private Camera cam; // Urutan face cubemap yang dipakai konsisten di seluruh script private static readonly CubemapFace[] FaceOrder = { CubemapFace.PositiveX, CubemapFace.NegativeX, CubemapFace.PositiveY, CubemapFace.NegativeY, CubemapFace.PositiveZ, CubemapFace.NegativeZ }; private void Awake() { cam = GetComponent<Camera>(); } [ContextMenu("Capture 360 Panorama")] public void CapturePanorama() { if (cam == null) cam = GetComponent<Camera>(); // === 1. Tentukan lokasi save lewat dialog === string fullPath = GetSavePath(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fullPath)) { Debug.Log("[Panorama360Capture] Capture dibatalkan oleh user."); return; } if (!fullPath.EndsWith(".png", System.StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) fullPath += ".png"; // Validasi sederhana supaya tidak ada nilai aneh dari Inspector int faceSize = Mathf.Max(16, cubemapFaceSize); int width = Mathf.Max(16, outputWidth); int height = Mathf.Max(16, outputHeight); Cubemap cubemap = null; Texture2D panorama = null; try { // === 2. Render cubemap === cubemap = new Cubemap(faceSize, TextureFormat.RGB24, false); if (!cam.RenderToCubemap(cubemap)) { Debug.LogError("[Panorama360Capture] Gagal merender cubemap. " + "Pastikan platform/device mendukung RenderToCubemap."); return; } // === 3. Ambil pixel tiap sisi cubemap === Color[][] faces = new Color[FaceOrder.Length][]; for (int i = 0; i < FaceOrder.Length; i++) faces[i] = cubemap.GetPixels(FaceOrder[i]); // === 4. Bangun equirectangular === panorama = BuildEquirectangular(faces, faceSize, width, height); // === 5. Simpan ke path yang dipilih user === SaveTextureAsPng(panorama, fullPath); Debug.Log("[Panorama360Capture] Panorama 360 disimpan di: " + fullPath); } catch (System.Exception e) { Debug.LogError("[Panorama360Capture] Terjadi error saat capture: " + e); } finally { // === 6. Bersihkan resource sementara (aman di Edit & Play Mode) === DestroySafe(cubemap); DestroySafe(panorama); } } // --------------------------------------------------------------------- // Save dialog // --------------------------------------------------------------------- private string GetSavePath() { string folder = string.IsNullOrEmpty(defaultFolderPath) ? Application.persistentDataPath : defaultFolderPath; #if UNITY_EDITOR // Save dialog native di Editor (jalan di Edit Mode maupun Play Mode) return EditorUtility.SaveFilePanel( "Simpan Panorama 360", folder, defaultFileName, "png" ); #else // Fallback di build: simpan otomatis ke persistentDataPath Debug.LogWarning("[Panorama360Capture] Save dialog native tidak tersedia di build. " + "Menyimpan otomatis ke persistentDataPath."); if (!Directory.Exists(folder)) Directory.CreateDirectory(folder); return Path.Combine(folder, defaultFileName + ".png"); #endif } // --------------------------------------------------------------------- // Equirectangular builder // --------------------------------------------------------------------- private Texture2D BuildEquirectangular(Color[][] faces, int faceSize, int width, int height) { var panorama = new Texture2D(width, height, TextureFormat.RGB24, false); var outputPixels = new Color[width * height]; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { float v = (float)y / (height - 1); float theta = (v - 0.5f) * Mathf.PI; // latitude: -pi/2 .. pi/2 for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { float u = (float)x / (width - 1); float phi = (u - 0.5f) * 2f * Mathf.PI; // longitude: -pi .. pi Vector3 dir = new Vector3( Mathf.Cos(theta) * Mathf.Sin(phi), Mathf.Sin(theta), Mathf.Cos(theta) * Mathf.Cos(phi) ); outputPixels[y * width + x] = SampleCubemap(dir, faces, faceSize); } } panorama.SetPixels(outputPixels); panorama.Apply(); return panorama; } // --------------------------------------------------------------------- // Simpan PNG // --------------------------------------------------------------------- private void SaveTextureAsPng(Texture2D texture, string fullPath) { byte[] pngData = texture.EncodeToPNG(); string folder = Path.GetDirectoryName(fullPath); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(folder) && !Directory.Exists(folder)) Directory.CreateDirectory(folder); File.WriteAllBytes(fullPath, pngData); } // --------------------------------------------------------------------- // Cubemap sampling // --------------------------------------------------------------------- // Menentukan sisi cubemap mana yang harus disample berdasarkan arah 3D, // lalu mengambil warnanya dengan interpolasi bilinear. private Color SampleCubemap(Vector3 dir, Color[][] faces, int faceSize) { float absX = Mathf.Abs(dir.x); float absY = Mathf.Abs(dir.y); float absZ = Mathf.Abs(dir.z); int faceIndex; float u, v, ma; if (absX >= absY && absX >= absZ) { ma = absX; if (dir.x > 0) { faceIndex = 0; u = -dir.z; v = -dir.y; } // +X else { faceIndex = 1; u = dir.z; v = -dir.y; } // -X } else if (absY >= absX && absY >= absZ) { ma = absY; if (dir.y > 0) { faceIndex = 2; u = dir.x; v = dir.z; } // +Y else { faceIndex = 3; u = dir.x; v = -dir.z; } // -Y } else { ma = absZ; if (dir.z > 0) { faceIndex = 4; u = dir.x; v = -dir.y; } // +Z else { faceIndex = 5; u = -dir.x; v = -dir.y; } // -Z } u = (u / ma + 1f) * 0.5f; v = (v / ma + 1f) * 0.5f; return SampleBilinear(faces[faceIndex], faceSize, u, v); } private Color SampleBilinear(Color[] face, int size, float u, float v) { u = Mathf.Clamp01(u); v = Mathf.Clamp01(v); float fx = u * (size - 1); float fy = v * (size - 1); int x0 = Mathf.FloorToInt(fx); int y0 = Mathf.FloorToInt(fy); int x1 = Mathf.Min(x0 + 1, size - 1); int y1 = Mathf.Min(y0 + 1, size - 1); float tx = fx - x0; float ty = fy - y0; Color c00 = face[y0 * size + x0]; Color c10 = face[y0 * size + x1]; Color c01 = face[y1 * size + x0]; Color c11 = face[y1 * size + x1]; Color cx0 = Color.Lerp(c00, c10, tx); Color cx1 = Color.Lerp(c01, c11, tx); return Color.Lerp(cx0, cx1, ty); } // --------------------------------------------------------------------- // Utility: Destroy aman di Edit Mode & Play Mode // --------------------------------------------------------------------- private void DestroySafe(Object obj) { if (obj == null) return; if (Application.isPlaying) { // Runtime / Play Mode Destroy(obj); } else { // Edit Mode (mis. dipanggil dari ContextMenu saat tidak Play) #if UNITY_EDITOR DestroyImmediate(obj); #else Destroy(obj); #endif } } }

2. Position the Camera

Place the Camera at the location where you want to capture the panorama.

For example:

  • Inside a room
  • In an outdoor environment
  • Inside a vehicle
  • At a specific location in your game scene

The Camera position becomes the center point of the 360° panorama.

3. Configure the Resolution

The script provides several settings in the Inspector.

Cubemap Face Size

1024

This controls the resolution of each internal cubemap face.

For testing, 1024 is a good starting point.

Output Width and Height

Output Width  : 4096
Output Height : 2048

The recommended panorama aspect ratio is 2:1, for example:

2048 × 1024
4096 × 2048
8192 × 4096

For your first test, you can use:

Cubemap Face Size : 1024
Output Width      : 4096
Output Height     : 2048

4. Capture the 360° Panorama

Once the Camera and settings are ready, open the Panorama360Capture component in the Inspector.

Choose:

Capture 360 Panorama

The script will:

  1. Render the scene into a cubemap
  2. Read the six cubemap faces
  3. Convert them into an equirectangular panorama
  4. Open a save dialog
  5. Save the result as a PNG file

For example:

panorama360.png

The capture can be performed in both Edit Mode and Play Mode.



5. Check the Generated Image

The output will be an equirectangular panorama such as:

4096 × 2048

When opened as a normal image, it may look stretched or unusual. This is normal because the image is designed to be displayed by a 360° panorama viewer.

6. Test the Panorama in the 360° Viewer

After generating the PNG, open:

360° Viewer

Upload the panorama360.png file you generated from Unity.

Once loaded, you can interactively explore the scene:

  • Look left and right
  • Look up and down
  • Rotate around the entire environment
  • Check the quality of your Unity panorama

Quick Workflow

Unity Scene
    ↓
Attach Panorama360Capture to Camera
    ↓
Position the Camera
    ↓
Configure Resolution
    ↓
Capture 360 Panorama
    ↓
Save PNG
    ↓
Upload to 360° Viewer
    ↓
Explore the Panorama

That's it! With this simple script, you can turn any suitable Unity scene into a 360° equirectangular panorama and preview the result directly in your browser.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Smart FBX Exporter: The Best Way to Export Unity Models Cleanly

Image
Smart FBX Exporter A downloadable tool ✨ Key Features Batch Export – Export multiple objects at once in a single FBX file. Preserve Hierarchy – Object structure remains intact with an empty root object. Material & Texture Auto-Copy – All material (.mat) and texture files are automatically copied to separate folders. World Position Preserved – Objects maintain their exact scene positions. Smart File Handling – Automatically handles duplicate file names. Clean Folder Structure – Export results are organized and ready to use. 🎯 Who Is This Tool For? 3D Artists – Export assets from Unity to Blender/Maya/3DS Max. ArchViz Developers – Export furniture and props with their materials. Game Developers – Backup assets or migrate between projects. Asset Creators – Package assets for sale or sharing. Team Collaboration – Handoff assets to programmers or other artists. 🚀 How to Use Install FBX Exporter Open Window > Pa...
Read more

Power Pole Wiring System – Procedural Cable & Wire Generator for Unity (Free Tool)

Image
Creating realistic power lines, hanging cables, or sagging wires between poles in Unity can be surprisingly time-consuming. Manually modeling each cable or relying on physics simulations often leads to performance issues or complicated setups. Power Pole Wiring System is a free Unity tool designed to automatically generate optimized procedural wire meshes between multiple points in your scene. It allows you to create realistic sagging cables between power poles, street lamps, buildings, or any custom structure — directly inside the Unity Editor. Key Features Procedural Wire Mesh Generation Automatically generate tubular cable meshes between two or more points. The system calculates smooth sag using a sine-based curve for a natural hanging wire look. Multiple Wire Sets Organize different cable groups inside one component. Each wire set can have: Custom sag factor Adjustable wire radius Configurable segment density Customizable tube sides Optional closed loop mode Perfec...
Read more

Stop Manual Scene Switching: A Unity Editor Tool to Play from Start Scene

Image
The Problem: The "Broken Singleton" Headache We’ve all been there. You’re deep into polishing Level 4, you hit the Play button to test a jump mechanic, and... CRASH . The game breaks because your GameManager or AudioSystem only initializes in the Splash Screen or Main Menu scene. To fix it, you have to: Save your current scene. Navigate through the Project window to find 00_MainMenu.unity . Open it. Press Play. (Repeat this 50 times a day). It’s a massive productivity killer. The Solution: Start Scene Selector for Unity I’ve created a simple, lightweight Editor script that lets you define a "Master Start Scene" . Once set, you can press Play from anywhere in your project, and Unity will automatically load your designated starting scene first. No more manual navigation. No more broken managers. Just a smooth, one-click workflow. Key Features: Persistent Setting: Set your start scene once, and it stays that way. One-Click Play: Use the custom menu or a shortcu...
Read more